Investigations on System Calibration of Gps/imu and Camera for Direct Georeferencing

An inevitable task before direct georeferencing can be performed is the calibration of the GPS/IMU system and the imaging sensor. The permanent calibration fields for largeand medium-scale (1:3 300 – 1:16 000) system calibration constructed by Finnish Geodetic Institute are described in this article. Theoretical results concerning the effect of block structure on the accuracy and determinability of various parameters indicate that the block structures with cross-strips give the most stable results both with and without ground control points. The preliminary results of an extensive investigation concerning the calibration of two Applanix POS AV 510 GPS/IMU systems recently purchased by National Land Survey of Finland are given. After boresight calibration, the RMS values between rotations obtained by aerial triangulation and GPS/IMU integration varied between 0.003 and 0.007 gon. * Corresponding author.